For the "Facts of Golf" series I filmed recently with Revolution Golf in conjunction with PING this was one of the first ideas we were interested in testing. Thanks to some guidance from Erik Henrikson, Director of Innovation for PING, these were our findings:
Mud on the left with a 'neutral' swing will almost always cause the ball to move strongly right in the airMud on the right with a 'neutral' swing will almost always cause the ball to move strongly left in the airThe large clumps of mud will be 'ejected' off the ball very quickly after impact, but it's the remaining small particles that alter the ball flightMud that's located on the top, front or back will cause for quite a significantly shorter shot without much directional changeIt's hard to find good quality mud to do a test like thisShot data for mud on the right (a fairly neutral swing) from TrackMan: